Поиск по творчеству и критике
Cлово "UNIVERSAL"

Часть текста: is, a literary preface," laughed Ivan, "and I am a poor hand at making one. You see, my action takes place in the sixteenth century, and at that time, as you probably learnt at school, it was customary in poetry to bring down heavenly powers on earth. Not to speak of Dante, in France, clerks, as well as the monks in the monasteries, used to give regular performances in which the Madonna, the saints, the angels, Christ, and God Himself were brought on the stage. In those days it was done in all simplicity. In Victor Hugo's Notre Dame de Paris an edifying and gratuitous spectacle was provided for the people in the Hotel de Ville of Paris in the reign of Louis XI in honour of the birth of the dauphin. It was called Le bon jugement de la tres sainte et gracieuse Vierge Marie, and she appears herself on the stage and pronounces her bon jugement. Similar plays, chiefly from the Old Testament, were occasionally performed in Moscow too, up to the times of Peter the Great. But besides plays there were all sorts of legends and ballads scattered about the world, in which the saints and angels and all the powers of Heaven took part when required. In our monasteries the monks busied themselves in translating, copying, and even composing such poems -- and even under the Tatars. There is, for instance, one such poem (of course, from the Greek), The Wanderings of Our Lady through Hell, with descriptions as bold as Dante's. Our Lady visits hell, and the Archangel Michael leads her through the torments. She sees the sinners and their punishment. There she sees among others one noteworthy set of sinners in a burning lake; some of them sink to the bottom of the lake so that they can't swim out, and 'these God forgets' -- ...

2. Dostoevsky. Los hermanos Karamazov (Spanish. Братья Карамазовы). Segunda parte. Libro V. Pro y contra. Capitulo V. "El gran inquisidor"

Входимость: 5. Размер: 55кб.

Часть текста: como sabes, existía la costumbre de hacer intervenir en los poemas a los poderes celestiales. No me refiero a Dante. En Francia, los cleros de la basoche y los monjes daban representaciones teatrales en las que aparecían la Virgen, los ángeles, los santos, Cristo y Dios Padre. Estos espectáculos eran por demás ingenuos. Según nos cuenta Victor Hugo en su Notre-Dame de Paris, durante el reinado de Luis XI, para celebrar el nacimiento del delfín, se ofreció en Paris una representación gratuita del misterio Le bon jugement de la tres sainte et gracieuse Vierge Marie . En esta obra aparece la Virgen y emite su bon jugement. En Moscú se daban de vez en cuando representaciones de este tipo, tomadas especialmente del Antiguo Testamento, antes de Pedro el Grande. Además, circulaban una serie de relatos y poemas en los que aparecían los santos, los ángeles y todo el ejército celestial. En nuestros monasterios se traducían y se copiaban esos poemas, a incluso se componían algunos originales, todo ello durante la dominación tártara. Uno de tales poemas, sin duda traducido del griego, es "La Virgen entre los condenados", que nos ofrece escenas de una audacia dantesca. La Virgen visita el infierno, conducida por el arcángel San Miguel. La Virgen ve a los condenados y sus tormentos. Le llama la atención una categoría de pecadores muy interesante que está en un lago de fuego. Algunos se hunden en este lago y no vuelven a aparecer. "Éstos son los olvidados incluso por Dios": he aquí una frase profunda y vigorosa. ...

3. Dostoevsky. The Idiot (English. Идиот). Part III. Chapter IV

Входимость: 3. Размер: 38кб.

Часть текста: merry and were noisily laughing and talking--even quarrelling, to judge from the sounds. At all events they were clearly enjoying themselves, and the prince observed further on closer investigation--that all had been drinking champagne. To judge from the lively condition of some of the party, it was to be supposed that a considerable quantity of champagne had been consumed already. All the guests were known to the prince; but the curious part of the matter was that they had all arrived on the same evening, as though with one accord, although he had only himself recollected the fact that it was his birthday a few moments since. "You must have told somebody you were going to trot out the champagne, and that's why they are all come!" muttered Rogojin, as the two entered the verandah. "We know all about that! You've only to whistle and they come up in shoals!" he continued, almost angrily. He was doubtless thinking of his own late experiences with his boon companions. All surrounded the prince with exclamations of welcome, and, on hearing that it was his birthday, with cries of congratulation and delight; many of them were very noisy. The presence of certain of those in the room surprised the prince vastly, but the guest whose advent filled him with the greatest wonder--almost amounting to alarm--was Evgenie Pavlovitch. The prince could not believe his eyes when he beheld the latter, and could not help thinking that something was wrong. Lebedeff ran up promptly to explain the arrival of all these gentlemen. He was himself somewhat intoxicated, but the prince gathered from his long-winded periods that the party had assembled quite naturally, and accidentally. First of all Hippolyte had arrived, early in the evening, and feeling...

4. Dostoevsky. The Possessed (English. Бесы). Part I. Chapter II. Prince harry. Matchmaking

Входимость: 3. Размер: 96кб.

Часть текста: a child himself. I was not there in those days, and he continually felt the want of a real friend. He did not hesitate to make a friend of this little creature as soon as he had grown a little older. It somehow came to pass quite naturally that there seemed to be no discrepancy of age between them. More than once he awaked his ten- or eleven-year-old friend at night, simply to pour out his wounded feelings and weep before him, or to tell him some family secret, without realising that this was an outrageous proceeding. They threw themselves into each other's arms and wept. The boy knew that his mother loved him very much, but I doubt whether he cared much for her. She talked little to him and did not often interfere with him, but he was always morbidly conscious of her intent, searching eyes fixed upon him. Yet the mother confided his whole instruction and moral education to Stepan Trofimovitch. At that time her faith in him was unshaken. One can't help believing that the tutor had rather a bad influence on his pupil's nerves. When at sixteen he was taken to a lyceum he was fragile-looking and pale, strangely quiet and dreamy. (Later on he was distinguished by great physical strength.) One must assume too that the friends went ...

5. Dostoevsky. The Brothers Karamazov (English. Братья Карамазовы). Part IV. Book X. The Boys. Chapter 5. By Ilusha"s Bedside

Входимость: 3. Размер: 40кб.

Часть текста: art he had used had been to take them, one by one, to Ilusha, without "sheepish sentimentality," appearing to do so casually and without design. It was a great consolation to Ilusha in his suffering. He was greatly touched by seeing the almost tender affection and sympathy shown him by these boys, who had been his enemies. Krassotkin was the only one missing and his absence was a heavy load on Ilusha's heart. Perhaps the bitterest of all his bitter memories was his stabbing Krassotkin, who had been his one friend and protector. Clever little Smurov, who was the first to make it up with Ilusha, thought it was so. But when Smurov hinted to Krassotkin that Alyosha wanted to come and see him about something, the latter cut him short, bidding Smurov tell "Karamazov" at once that he knew best what to do, that he wanted no one's advice, and that, if he went to see Ilusha, he would choose his own time for he had "his own reasons." That was a fortnight before this Sunday. That was why Alyosha had not been to see him, as he had meant to. But though he waited he sent Smurov to him twice again. Both times Krassotkin met him with a curt, impatient refusal, sending Alyosha a message not to bother him any more, that if he came himself, he, Krassotkin, would not go to Ilusha at all. Up to the very last day, Smurov did not know that Kolya meant to go to Ilusha that morning, and only the evening before, as he parted from Smurov, Kolya abruptly told him to wait at home for him next morning, for he would go with him to the Snegiryovs, but warned him on no account to say he was coming, as he wanted to drop in casually....

6. Dostoevsky. A Raw Youth (English. Подросток). Part III. Chapter IX

Входимость: 2. Размер: 47кб.

Часть текста: a certain levity, and, as it were, superciliousness, with which it seemed to me, recalling it, I had listened to some parts of his "confession" the evening before. Supposing it had been to some extent muddled, and some revelations had been, as it were, a little delirious and incoherent, he had not, of course, prepared to deliver a speech when he invited me the day before. He had simply done me a great honour in turning to me, as his one friend at such a moment, and I shall never forget his doing it. On the contrary, his confession was "touching," though people may laugh at me for saying so, and if there were glimpses from time to time of something cynical, or even something that seemed ridiculous, I was not so narrow as to be unable to understand and accept realism, which did not, however, detract from the ideal. The great point was now that I understood the man, and I even felt, and was almost vexed at feeling, that it had all turned out to be so simple: I had always in my heart set that man on a supreme pinnacle, in the clouds, and had insisted on shrouding his life in mystery, so that I had naturally wished not to fit the key to it so easily. In his meeting WITH HER, however, and in the sufferings he had endured for two years, there was much that was complex. "He did not want to live under the yoke of fate; he wanted to be free, and not a slave to fate; through his bondage to fate he had been forced to hurt mother, who was still waiting for him at Konigsberg. . . ." Besides, I looked upon him in any case as a preacher: he cherished in his heart the golden age, and knew all about the future of atheism; and then the meeting with HER had shattered everything, distorted everything! Oh, I was not a traitor to her, but still I was on his side. Mother, for instance, I reflected, would have been no hindrance, nor would marriage with her be so indeed. That I understood; that was something utterly different from his...

Входимость: 2. Размер: 8кб.

Часть текста: Berlin--Stuttgart, B. Spemann). 1886. "Записки из Мертвого дома" (Aus dem todten Hause. 2 Aufl. Dresden, H. Minden). "Рассказы" (Erzahlungen von F. M. Dostojewski. Frei nach dem Russ. von W. Goldschmidt. "Хозяйка" (Die Wirtin), "Елка и свадьба" (Christbaum und Hochzeit), "Белые ночи" (Helle Nachte), "Мальчик у Христа на елке" (Weihnacht), "Честный вор" (Der ehrliche Dieb) . "Подросток" (Junger Nachwuchs. Obers. v. W. Stein. Leipzig, W. Friedrich). "Преступление и наказание" (Raskolnikow. 2 Aufl. Leipzig, W. Friedrich). 1887. "Бедные люди" (Arme Leute. Obers. v. A. L. Hauff. Dresden u. Leipzig, H. Minden). "Кроткая" (Krotkaja. Deutsch v. M. von Brondsted. 1 u. 2 Aufl. Dresden, H. Minden). 1888. "Бесы" (Die Besessenen. Deutsch. v. H. Putze. Dresden, H. Minden). "Вечный муж" (Der Hahnrei. Deutsch v. A. Scholz. Berlin, S. Fischer). "Слабое сердце" (Ein schwaches Herz. Ubers. v. H. Roskoschny. Leipzig, Gressner u. Schramm: "Russische...

8. Dostoevsky. Crimen y castigo (Spanish. Преступление и наказание). Tercera parte. Capitulo VI

Входимость: 2. Размер: 33кб.

Часть текста: aunque sólo fuera por el hecho de que era la primera vez que hablaban francamente de aquel asunto. -Tú no puedes creerlo -repuso Raskolnikof con una sonrisa fría y desdeñosa-; pero yo estaba atento al significado de cada una de sus palabras, mientras tú, siguiendo tu costumbre, no te fijabas en nada. -Tú has prestado tanta atención porque eres un hombre desconfiado. Sin embargo, reconozco que Porfirio hablaba en un tono extraño. Y, sobre todo, ese ladino de Zamiotof... Tiene razón: había en él algo raro... Pero por qué, Señor, por qué? -Habrá reflexionado durante la noche. -No; es todo lo contrario de lo que supones. Si les hubiera asaltado esa idea estúpida, lo habrían disimulado por todos los medios, habrían procurado ocultar sus intenciones, a fin de poder atraparte después con más seguridad. Intentar hacerlo ahora habría sido una torpeza y una insolencia. -Si hubiesen tenido pruebas, verdaderas pruebas, o suposiciones nada más que algo fundadas, habrían procurado sin duda ocultar su juego para ganar la partida... O tal vez habrían hecho un registro en mi habitación hace ya tiempo... Pero no tienen ni una sola prueba. Lo único que tienen son conjeturas gratuitas, suposiciones sin fundamento. Por eso intentan desconcertarme con sus insolencias......

9. Dostoevsky. The Idiot (English. Идиот). Part III. Chapter VII

Входимость: 2. Размер: 35кб.

Часть текста: Idiot (English. Идиот). Part III. Chapter VII Chapter VII "I HAD a small pocket pistol. I had procured it while still a boy, at that droll age when the stories of duels and highwaymen begin to delight one, and when one imagines oneself nobly standing fire at some future day, in a duel. "There were a couple of old bullets in the bag which contained the pistol, and powder enough in an old flask for two or three charges. "The pistol was a wretched thing, very crooked and wouldn't carry farther than fifteen paces at the most. However, it would send your skull flying well enough if you pressed the muzzle of it against your temple. "I determined to die at Pavlofsk at sunrise, in the park--so as to make no commotion in the house. "This 'explanation' will make the matter clear enough to the police. Students of psychology, and anyone else who likes, may make what they please of it. I should not like this paper, however, to be made public. I request the prince to keep a copy himself, and to give a copy to Aglaya Ivanovna Epanchin. This is my last will and testament. As for my skeleton, I bequeath it to the Medical Academy for the benefit of science. "I recognize no jurisdiction over myself, and I know that I am now beyond the power of laws and judges. "A little while ago a very amusing idea struck me. What if I were now to commit some terrible crime--murder ten fellow-creatures, for instance, or anything else that is thought most shocking and dreadful in this world--what a dilemma my judges would be in, with a criminal ...

10. Dostoevsky. Crimen y castigo (Spanish. Преступление и наказание). Segunda parte. Capítulo V

Входимость: 2. Размер: 31кб.

Часть текста: Преступление и наказание). Segunda parte. Capítulo V CAPÍTULO V Era un caballero de cierta edad, movimientos pausados y fisonomía reservada y severa. Se detuvo en el umbral y paseó a su alrededor una mirada de sorpresa que no trataba de disimular y que resultaba un tanto descortés. "Dónde me he metido?", parecía preguntarse. Observaba la habitación, estrecha y baja de techo como un camarote, con un gesto de desconfianza y una especie de afectado terror. Su mirada conservó su expresión de asombro al fijarse en Raskolnikof, que seguía echado en el mísero diván, vestido con ropas no menos miserables, y que le miraba como los demás. Después el visitante observó atentamente la barba inculta, los cabellos enmarañados y toda la desaliñada figura de Rasumikhine, que, a su vez y sin moverse de su sitio, le miraba con una curiosidad impertinente. Durante más de un minuto reinó en la estancia un penoso silencio, pero al fin, como es lógico, la cosa cambió. Comprendiendo sin duda -pues ello saltaba a la vista que su arrogancia no imponía a nadie en aquella especie de camarote de trasatlántico, el caballero se dignó humanizarse un poco y se dirigió a Zosimof cortésmente pero con cierta rigidez. -Busco a Rodion Romanovitch Raskolnikof, estudiante o ex estudiante -dijo, articulando las palabras sílaba a sílaba. Zosimof inició un lento ademán, sin duda para responder, pero Rasumikhine, aunque la pregunta no iba dirigida a él, se...

Поиск по творчеству и критикеCлово "UNIVERSAL"

Поиск по творчеству и критике
Cлово "UNIVERSAL"